The true part time option for a general surgeon is working for an HMO or large surgical group. Another option is trauma critical care or acute care surgery which is an evolving field-- like a hospitalist. I am a full time breast surgeon but also did another fellowship which I did not love. but have friends from residency who work per diem for kaiser hospitals. They chose to do so because they have young kids and their husbands are primary bread winners. They don't get any benefits but get a reasonable salary and get to maintain their skills which is important in surgery. I don't think as a surgeon you can take a hiatus of years away from the field because most hospitals require proof that you do cases to maintain privileges. Also, As a surgeon, you rely on referrals and have to see a certain number of patients in order to generate cases which is where the bulk of your compensation comes from. Many women choose breast surgery because it affords a more controlled lifestyle. Pure breast surgery and kaiser jobs are not in abundance at least in the more "desirable" places to live. Plastics is tough these days I think because Many folks are delaying elective surgery. Another option would be sharing a job with a like minded surgeon. I was offered this but elected not to because part time when you are employed by a large organization is never really part time. Not sure if this answered your question. If you don't have good mentors in your training program, you can seek them outside. For example, there are meetings and groups that discuss these issues: association of women surgeons, women in surgery conference being held in Baltimore in a few months, etc. Feel free to contact me. I don't log on too frequently though.